Small excavators are widely used in trenching. Although it looks simple, it has a high technical content. Why do you say that? It is because many people have problems in the process of digging trenches, such as not being straight, digging deviation, and the bottom of the trench is wide or narrow. How to solve these problems? Let me explain to you:
Three methods of trench digging
The basic operation skills of trenching have been briefly introduced above, and finally, three trenching methods are introduced for you:
(1) Ride-digging type: mainly in open areas, the excavator is parked in the middle of the ditch to be excavated, and the bucket is dug between the two crawlers.
(2) Side-by-side type: It refers to the relatively narrow area of the site, such as a clear water channel, where the bucket only digs along one side of the track line (here requires the use of slope skills).
(3) Face-to-face type: mainly for the excavation of road culverts, which means that the excavator is parked at a 90-degree angle to the side of the ditch (it should be noted that when the ditch is relatively deep, the bucket cylinder may touch the ditch side)
The most basic principle of trenching is to follow the principle of straight digging. Generally, the route of the lime trench is drawn on the construction site. The center line of the chassis of the small excavator is aligned with the lime line, and the teeth in the middle of the bucket correspond to the lime line, so that it is not easy to dig away. Biased. If there is no lime line, you can use the track to press out a connecting line first, and the track traces left can play the role of the lime line. Bucket motion can then be adjusted to the track print left by backing up.
When formally excavating, first take the surface layer, and then remove the lower layer. Never dig to the bottom at one time, especially the excavation of deep trenches is especially important; when digging a trench larger than the width of the bucket, first dig both sides, and then Dig in the middle.
Many novices are not good at digging ditches. The main reason is that they do not implement the principle of neatness, and the detailed operation needs to be further improved. From the beginning of opening the V-shaped ditch to the end, the slope must maintain the same slope. Of course, the soil quality and the depth of the ditch are different, and the slope needs to be adjusted accordingly.
The two lines on the map are straight, which is the prerequisite for keeping the slope of the ditch flat. When digging a ditch, the operator must pay attention to the loose soil on the side of the ditch to prevent the soil from falling, and clean it up with a bucket in time.
The control of the bottom of the ditch is very important. At this time, it is necessary to use the skills of throwing squares and leveling. If the trench is to install water pipes for drainage, a certain slope at the bottom is required; if it is a house foundation pit, the bottom is required to be level.
In fact, many operators are not sure about the height of the bottom of the ditch. When there are surveyors, they can ask the construction workers to measure with instruments and measure while digging. If you don't have any, you can find some references, and you should get out of the car to observe more.
Excavators are forbidden to excavate rocks, because the rocks are relatively hard, which will cause wear between the bucket of the excavator and the rocks. Usually, a crusher should be used to break up the rock before excavation. If it is necessary to use the excavator directly for excavation, the bucket should be inserted into the rock gap for excavation, and the strength of the bucket and forearm should be used to reduce the damage of the rock to the bucket.
In short, the operator needs to pay special attention to the straightness of the trench, the flatness of the slope, the control of the bottom of the trench, etc. in the process of digging the trench. It is not difficult to choose the appropriate trenching method.